import logging

from django.db import transaction
from django.db.models import Q
from django.utils import timezone
from rest_framework import serializers, viewsets
from rest_framework.permissions import IsAuthenticated
from rest_framework.authentication import TokenAuthentication
from rest_framework.decorators import action
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.exceptions import PermissionDenied
from utils.pagination import StandardResultsSetPagination
from apps.account.permissions import IsPanelUser, IsSuperAdminOrReadOnlyForProfessor
from apps.course.services.plugnmeet import PlugNMeetClient, PlugNMeetError
from apps.course.services.web_egress import stop_session_web_egress_if_active
from apps.course.models import (
    Course,
    CourseCategory,
    CourseChapter,
    CourseLesson,
    Lesson,
    CourseAttachment,
    Attachment,
    CourseGlossary,
    Glossary,
    CourseLiveSession,
    LiveSessionUser,
    LiveSessionRecording
)
from apps.course.serializers.admin import (
    AdminCourseCategorySerializer,
    AdminCourseListSerializer,
    AdminCourseDetailSerializer,
    AdminCourseChapterSerializer,
    AdminCourseLessonSerializer,
    AdminCourseAttachmentSerializer,
    AdminCourseGlossarySerializer,
    AdminLessonSerializer,
    AdminGlossarySerializer,
    AdminAttachmentSerializer,
    AdminLiveSessionListSerializer,
    AdminLiveSessionDetailSerializer
)
from utils import FileFieldSerializer

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def is_professor(request):
    return getattr(request.user, 'user_type', None) == 'professor'


class AdminCourseViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for Course management.
    Professors can only access/modify their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == 'list':
            return AdminCourseListSerializer
        return AdminCourseDetailSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = Course.objects.all().select_related('category', 'professor')

        # Professors can only see their own courses
        if is_professor(self.request):
            queryset = queryset.filter(professor_id=self.request.user.id)

        # Search Query
        search_query = self.request.query_params.get('search', None)
        has_search = False
        if search_query:
            has_search = True
            from django.db.models import Case, When, Value, IntegerField
            queryset = queryset.filter(
                Q(title__icontains=search_query) |
                Q(description__icontains=search_query) |
                Q(short_description__icontains=search_query)
            ).annotate(
                search_relevance=Case(
                    When(title__icontains=search_query, then=Value(2)),
                    default=Value(1),
                    output_field=IntegerField()
                )
            )

        # Filters
        category_id = self.request.query_params.get('category', None)
        if category_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(category_id=category_id)

        level = self.request.query_params.get('level', None)
        if level:
            queryset = queryset.filter(level__contains=[{"title": level}])

        status_param = self.request.query_params.get('status', None)
        if status_param:
            queryset = queryset.filter(status__contains=[{"title": status_param}])

        is_free_param = self.request.query_params.get('is_free', None)
        if is_free_param is not None:
            if is_free_param.lower() == 'true':
                queryset = queryset.filter(is_free=True)
            elif is_free_param.lower() == 'false':
                queryset = queryset.filter(is_free=False)

        student_id = self.request.query_params.get('student_id', None)
        if student_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(participants__student_id=student_id)

        if has_search:
            return queryset.order_by('-search_relevance', '-id')
        return queryset.order_by('-id')

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        # If the logged-in user is a professor, force the professor field to themselves
        if is_professor(self.request):
            serializer.save(professor_id=self.request.user.id)
        else:
            serializer.save()

    def perform_update(self, serializer):
        # Prevent professors from reassigning a course to another professor
        if is_professor(self.request):
            instance = self.get_object()
            if instance.professor_id != self.request.user.id:
                raise PermissionDenied("You can only edit your own courses.")
            serializer.save(professor_id=self.request.user.id)
        else:
            serializer.save()


class AdminChapterViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for Course Chapters.
    Professors can only access chapters of their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminCourseChapterSerializer
    pagination_class = None

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CourseChapter.objects.all()

        # Professors can only see chapters of their own courses
        if is_professor(self.request):
            queryset = queryset.filter(course__professor_id=self.request.user.id)

        course_id = self.request.query_params.get('course', None)
        if course_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(course_id=course_id)
        return queryset.order_by('priority', 'id')

    @action(detail=False, methods=['post'])
    def reorder(self, request):
        """
        Reorders chapters in bulk.
        Format: {"chapter_ids": [id1, id2, ...]}
        """
        chapter_ids = request.data.get('chapter_ids', [])
        if not chapter_ids:
            return Response({'error': 'chapter_ids list is required'}, status=400)

        from django.db import transaction
        with transaction.atomic():
            for idx, c_id in enumerate(chapter_ids):
                CourseChapter.objects.filter(id=c_id).update(priority=idx + 1)

        return Response({'status': 'success'})


class AdminCourseLessonViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for Lessons associated with a Course/Chapter.
    Professors can only access lessons in their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminCourseLessonSerializer
    pagination_class = None

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CourseLesson.objects.all().select_related('lesson', 'chapter')

        # Professors can only see lessons of their own courses
        if is_professor(self.request):
            queryset = queryset.filter(course__professor_id=self.request.user.id)

        course_id = self.request.query_params.get('course', None)
        if course_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(course_id=course_id)

        chapter_id = self.request.query_params.get('chapter', None)
        if chapter_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(chapter_id=chapter_id)

        return queryset.order_by('priority', 'id')

    def perform_destroy(self, instance):
        # Prevent orphans: delete the base Lesson object along with the junction model
        lesson = instance.lesson
        instance.delete()
        if lesson:
            lesson.delete()

    @action(detail=False, methods=['post'])
    def reorder(self, request):
        """
        Reorders lessons in bulk.
        Format: {"lesson_ids": [id1, id2, ...]}
        """
        lesson_ids = request.data.get('lesson_ids', [])
        if not lesson_ids:
            return Response({'error': 'lesson_ids list is required'}, status=400)

        from django.db import transaction
        with transaction.atomic():
            for idx, l_id in enumerate(lesson_ids):
                CourseLesson.objects.filter(id=l_id).update(priority=idx + 1)

        return Response({'status': 'success'})


class AdminCourseAttachmentViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for Course Attachments.
    Professors can only access attachments of their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminCourseAttachmentSerializer
    pagination_class = None

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CourseAttachment.objects.all().select_related('attachment')

        # Professors can only see attachments of their own courses
        if is_professor(self.request):
            queryset = queryset.filter(course__professor_id=self.request.user.id)

        course_id = self.request.query_params.get('course', None)
        if course_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(course_id=course_id)
        return queryset.order_by('-id')

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        attachment_ids = request.data.get('attachment_ids')
        new_attachments = request.data.get('new_attachments')
        course_id = request.data.get('course')

        if not course_id or (not attachment_ids and not new_attachments):
            return super().create(request, *args, **kwargs)

        if is_professor(request):
            course = Course.objects.filter(id=course_id, professor_id=request.user.id).first()
        else:
            course = Course.objects.filter(id=course_id).first()

        if not course:
            raise PermissionDenied("Course not found or access denied.")

        created_links = []
        seen_attachment_ids = set()
        file_field = FileFieldSerializer()
        file_field.bind('file', None)

        with transaction.atomic():
            for attachment_id in attachment_ids or []:
                try:
                    parsed_id = int(attachment_id)
                except (TypeError, ValueError):
                    continue

                if parsed_id in seen_attachment_ids:
                    continue
                seen_attachment_ids.add(parsed_id)

                attachment = Attachment.objects.filter(pk=parsed_id).first()
                if not attachment:
                    continue

                course_attachment, created = CourseAttachment.objects.get_or_create(
                    course=course,
                    attachment=attachment,
                )
                if created:
                    created_links.append(course_attachment)

            for item in new_attachments or []:
                title = item.get('title')
                file_data = item.get('file')
                if not title or not file_data:
                    continue

                try:
                    normalized_file = file_field.to_internal_value(file_data)
                except serializers.ValidationError as exc:
                    raise serializers.ValidationError({
                        'new_attachments': [exc.detail]
                    })

                attachment = Attachment.objects.create(
                    title=title,
                    file=normalized_file,
                )
                created_links.append(
                    CourseAttachment.objects.create(
                        course=course,
                        attachment=attachment,
                    )
                )

        serializer = self.get_serializer(created_links, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data, status=201)

    def perform_destroy(self, instance):
        # Prevent orphans: delete base Attachment along with junction model
        attachment = instance.attachment
        instance.delete()
        if attachment:
            attachment.delete()


class AdminCourseGlossaryViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for Course Glossary terms.
    Professors can only access glossaries of their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminCourseGlossarySerializer
    pagination_class = None

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CourseGlossary.objects.all().select_related('glossary')

        # Professors can only see glossaries of their own courses
        if is_professor(self.request):
            queryset = queryset.filter(course__professor_id=self.request.user.id)

        course_id = self.request.query_params.get('course', None)
        if course_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(course_id=course_id)
        return queryset.order_by('-id')

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        glossary_ids = request.data.get('glossary_ids')
        new_glossaries = request.data.get('new_glossaries')
        course_id = request.data.get('course')

        if not course_id or (not glossary_ids and not new_glossaries):
            return super().create(request, *args, **kwargs)

        if is_professor(request):
            course = Course.objects.filter(id=course_id, professor_id=request.user.id).first()
        else:
            course = Course.objects.filter(id=course_id).first()

        if not course:
            raise PermissionDenied("Course not found or access denied.")

        created_links = []
        seen_glossary_ids = set()

        with transaction.atomic():
            for glossary_id in glossary_ids or []:
                try:
                    parsed_id = int(glossary_id)
                except (TypeError, ValueError):
                    continue

                if parsed_id in seen_glossary_ids:
                    continue
                seen_glossary_ids.add(parsed_id)

                glossary = Glossary.objects.filter(pk=parsed_id).first()
                if not glossary:
                    continue

                course_glossary, created = CourseGlossary.objects.get_or_create(
                    course=course,
                    glossary=glossary,
                )
                if created:
                    created_links.append(course_glossary)

            for item in new_glossaries or []:
                title = item.get('title')
                description = item.get('description')
                if not title or not description:
                    continue

                glossary = Glossary.objects.create(
                    title=title,
                    description=description,
                )
                created_links.append(
                    CourseGlossary.objects.create(
                        course=course,
                        glossary=glossary,
                    )
                )

        serializer = self.get_serializer(created_links, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data, status=201)

    def perform_destroy(self, instance):
        # Prevent orphans: delete base Glossary along with junction model
        glossary = instance.glossary
        instance.delete()
        if glossary:
            glossary.delete()


class AdminCourseCategoryViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for Course Categories.
    Professors have read-only access.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsSuperAdminOrReadOnlyForProfessor]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminCourseCategorySerializer
    pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CourseCategory.objects.all().order_by('-id')
        search = self.request.query_params.get('search', None)
        if search:
            queryset = queryset.filter(Q(name__icontains=search) | Q(slug__icontains=search))
        return queryset


class AdminLessonViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for base Lesson (Repository).
    Professors can only see lessons linked to their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminLessonSerializer
    pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = Lesson.objects.all().order_by('-id')

        search = self.request.query_params.get('search', None)
        if search:
            queryset = queryset.filter(title__icontains=search)

        content_type = self.request.query_params.get('content_type', None)
        if content_type:
            queryset = queryset.filter(content_type__contains=[{"title": content_type}])

        return queryset


class AdminGlossaryViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for base Glossary (Repository).
    Professors can only see glossaries linked to their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminGlossarySerializer
    pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = Glossary.objects.all().order_by('-id')

        search = self.request.query_params.get('search', None)
        if search:
            queryset = queryset.filter(Q(title__icontains=search) | Q(description__icontains=search))
        return queryset


class AdminAttachmentViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for base Attachment (Repository).
    Professors can only see attachments linked to their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    serializer_class = AdminAttachmentSerializer
    pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = Attachment.objects.all().order_by('-id')

        search = self.request.query_params.get('search', None)
        if search:
            queryset = queryset.filter(title__icontains=search)

        file_type = self.request.query_params.get('type', None)
        if file_type:
            image_extensions = ['.jpg', '.jpeg', '.png', '.gif', '.webp', '.svg', '.bmp']
            video_extensions = ['.mp4', '.webm', '.ogg', '.mkv', '.mov', '.avi']
            audio_extensions = ['.mp3', '.wav', '.ogg', '.m4a', '.aac', '.flac']
            
            if file_type == 'image':
                q_objs = Q()
                for ext in image_extensions:
                    q_objs |= Q(file__iendswith=ext)
                queryset = queryset.filter(q_objs)
            elif file_type == 'video':
                q_objs = Q()
                for ext in video_extensions:
                    q_objs |= Q(file__iendswith=ext)
                queryset = queryset.filter(q_objs)
            elif file_type == 'audio':
                q_objs = Q()
                for ext in audio_extensions:
                    q_objs |= Q(file__iendswith=ext)
                queryset = queryset.filter(q_objs)
            elif file_type == 'other':
                q_objs = Q()
                for ext in image_extensions + video_extensions + audio_extensions:
                    q_objs |= Q(file__iendswith=ext)
                queryset = queryset.exclude(q_objs)

        return queryset


class AdminLiveSessionViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    Admin CRUD ViewSet for Course Live Sessions.
    Professors can only access live sessions of their own courses.
    """
    permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, IsPanelUser]
    authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication]
    pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == 'list':
            return AdminLiveSessionListSerializer
        return AdminLiveSessionDetailSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        queryset = CourseLiveSession.objects.all().select_related('course')

        # Professors can only see live sessions of their own courses
        if is_professor(self.request):
            queryset = queryset.filter(course__professor_id=self.request.user.id)

        search = self.request.query_params.get('search', None)
        if search:
            queryset = queryset.filter(
                Q(subject__icontains=search) |
                Q(room_id__icontains=search) |
                Q(course__title__icontains=search)
            )

        course_id = self.request.query_params.get('course', None)
        if course_id:
            queryset = queryset.filter(course_id=course_id)

        started_after = self.request.query_params.get('started_after', None)
        if started_after:
            queryset = queryset.filter(started_at__gte=started_after)

        started_before = self.request.query_params.get('started_before', None)
        if started_before:
            queryset = queryset.filter(started_at__lte=started_before)

        ended_after = self.request.query_params.get('ended_after', None)
        if ended_after:
            queryset = queryset.filter(ended_at__gte=ended_after)

        ended_before = self.request.query_params.get('ended_before', None)
        if ended_before:
            queryset = queryset.filter(ended_at__lte=ended_before)

        return queryset.order_by('-started_at')

    def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
        page = self.paginate_queryset(queryset)

        if page is not None:
            self._sync_page_live_sessions(page)
            serializer = self.get_serializer(page, many=True)
            return self.get_paginated_response(serializer.data)

        sessions = list(queryset)
        self._sync_page_live_sessions(sessions)
        serializer = self.get_serializer(sessions, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

    def _sync_page_live_sessions(self, sessions):
        for session in sessions:
            if session.ended_at or not session.room_id:
                continue

            if self._is_room_still_active(session.room_id):
                continue

            stop_session_web_egress_if_active(session)
            now = timezone.now()
            session.ended_at = now
            session.save(update_fields=['ended_at', 'updated_at'])

            LiveSessionUser.objects.filter(
                session=session,
                is_online=True,
            ).update(is_online=False, exited_at=now, updated_at=now)

            logger.info(
                f"[Admin Live Sessions] Auto-closed stale session - session_id={session.id} room_id={session.room_id}"
            )

    @staticmethod
    def _is_room_still_active(room_id: str) -> bool:
        try:
            client = PlugNMeetClient()
            response = client.is_room_active(room_id)
            is_active_raw = response.get('isActive', False)
            is_active = (
                is_active_raw
                if isinstance(is_active_raw, bool)
                else str(is_active_raw).lower() == 'true'
            )
            response_msg = response.get('msg', '')
            response_status = response.get('status', False)

            if (
                response_status
                and 'active' in response_msg.lower()
                and 'not' not in response_msg.lower()
            ):
                return True

            return is_active
        except PlugNMeetError as e:
            error_msg = str(e).lower()
            if 'not found' in error_msg or 'does not exist' in error_msg:
                return False
            logger.warning(
                f"[Admin Live Sessions] PlugNMeet API error while checking room {room_id}: {e}"
            )
            return False
        except Exception as e:
            logger.warning(
                f"[Admin Live Sessions] Unexpected error while checking room {room_id}: {type(e).__name__}: {e}"
            )
            return False